The number of inputs is the total number of signals sent to the controller. This number includes process variable signals such as temperature, pressure, level, speed, etc., and status inputs such as on/off.
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The number of control outputs is the total number of outputs used to control, compensate or correct the process. This number includes analog control outputs as well as relays and switches which activate or deactivate control devices.
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Controller inputs include signals in serial, parallel, Ethernet or other digital formats which indicate a process variable. This includes process measurement, but not communication lines.
Controllers accept commands and inputs from information converted to an industrial fieldbus protocol such as CANbus, PROFIBUS®, or SERCOS, or other industrial automation protocol. PROFIBUS is a registered trademark of PROFIBUS International.
Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary input signals.
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Controller outputs include signals in serial, parallel, Ethernet or other digital formats which indicate a process variable. This includes process measurement, but not communication lines.
Controllers output information using an industrial fieldbus protocol such as CANbus, PROFIBUS®, SERCOS, or other industrial automation protocol. PROFIBUS is a registered trademark of PROFIBUS International.
Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary control signals.
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Limit control establishes set points or limits that, when reached, send a signal to stop or start a process variable. This "off-on" or "bang-bang" control is a fairly simple type of control.
Linear control matches a variable input signal with a correspondingly variable control signal. Signal conditioning, filtering, and amplification may occur to produce the proper output control signal.
Feedforward control is direct control compensation from the reference signal. This technique does not require a sensor. It may be open-loop or used in conjunction with more advanced PID control.
Proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) control requires real-time system feedback. PID is a sophisticated control technique which monitors the error between a desired variable value and the actual value, and adjusts the control accordingly (proportional). Derivative and integral features can provide further control refinement by incorporating variables like rate-of-change of error to tune the control signal. Though sophisticated, PID controls must be tuned to prevent noisy operation and provide accurate process control.
Fuzzy logic is a type of logic in which variables can have imprecise values (as in partial truth) rather than a binary status (completely true or completely false). Information and rules can be inexact, and calculations can be made on these imprecise values.
Other unlisted or specialized control algorithms or techniques.
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The controller has multiple control modes or functions, which may or may not use different inputs and outputs. Different parameters or machines may be controlled by the same unit.
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Environmental controllers are used to control environmental factors such as temperature, humidity and air pressure. The environment can be an office or workspace, or in a chamber for testing or process purposes.
Flow controllers monitor and regulate flow values of liquids and/or solids in process, manufacturing, or scientific applications. This includes many different types of flow measurement technologies.
Humidity controllers monitor and maintain proper humidity levels in environmental test applications, or in other areas such as food storage or electronic room regulation.
Laboratory controllers are designed specifically to monitor and/or control variables involved in laboratory or scientific experimentation, testing, or sample preparation. These devices often control temperature, and may also control other variables.
Pressure controllers accept inputs from pressure sensors, transmitters, gauges, and other devices. They adjust and control the pressure to maintain or achieve a desired level.
Temperature controllers accept inputs from temperature sensors or thermometers, and then output a control signal to keep the temperature at the desired level.
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Devices mount in racks and come with hardware such as rail guides, flanges, or tabs. Some rack-mounted devices fit in a standard 19” telecommunications rack.
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Devices use hardware and software protocols such as hypertext transfer protocol (http) or web access protocol (WAP) in order to be addressable to, or a node of, the World Wide Web for remote monitoring or communication.
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Devices control cooling, typically through refrigeration.
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Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary media.
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Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) is a European Union (EU) directive that requires all manufacturers of electronic and electrical equipment sold in Europe to demonstrate that their products contain only minimal levels of the following hazardous substances: lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyl and polybrominated diphenyl ether. RoHS will become effective on July 1, 2006.
The Waste Electrical and Electronics Equipment Regulations (WEEE Regulations) is a European Parliament Directive with the aim of encouraging reuse, recycling and recovery of electrical and electronic equipment, and to improve the environmental impact and performance of these equipments. This directive sets the requirements and criteria for the collection, treatment, recycling and recovery of these equipments. It makes producers responsible for financing these activities, and retailers and distributors must provide means for consumers to return used or obsolete equipments without charge.
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